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Transformer Testing & Maintenance


Grounding Transformers Explained

By R. W. Hurst, Editor Grounding transformers are used to provide a path to ground for unbalanced load current and for fault currents on systems where a suitable ground is otherwise not available. Grounding transformers are normally constructed with one of the two configurations: Zig-Zag (Zn) with...

Electrical Transformers


Advancements in Dissolved Gas Analysis: Accounting for Gas Loss

Dissolved gas analysis (DGA) in transformers is a very successful periodic screening method to identify transformers that may be having problems. It is a symptom-based assessment of health, rather than a condition-based assessment. That is because the gases themselves do not cause failure, but are...

Transformer Protection


Smart Transformers: Enhancing Grid Efficiency and Reliability

The evolving demands of modern power grids necessitate the adoption of advanced technologies that can provide enhanced efficiency, reliability, and flexibility. Smart transformers are at the forefront of this technological revolution, offering a range of capabilities that significantly improve the...

Transformer Software & Technologies


Utility Transformers


How to Improve Transformer Protection

Using symmetrical components for fault discrimination in differential protection BY IMRAN RIZVI, ABB Inc. Classical differential protection schemes are subject to ghost differential currents due to current transformer (CT) saturation and magnetization currents. Several methods are used to counter...

Dielectric Fluids


Advancements in Dissolved Gas Analysis: CO/CO2 Ratio

For DGA interpretation, faults identified using hydrocarbon gases are considered more serious if they appear to affect paper insulation. That is made explicit in CIGRE technical brochure 771[1]. Production of hydrocarbon gases from the oil by electrical or thermal stress does not significantly...

Power Transformers

damaged metal enclosure

Metal Enclosed Electrical Bus, The Lifeline to the Transformer, What You Should Know and Why It’s Important to Your Bottom Line

Brief Summary:
The purpose of this article is to educate power plant operators and maintenance personnel on the importance of metal enclosed electrical bus, an often-overlooked system critical component spanning from the generator to the main transformer, carrying the system’s full current. Metal enclosed bus is stand-alone, custom made for each plant, and non-redundant. When a failure occurs; the entire energy producing system shuts down until this critical component and its appendices are repaired or...

Power Transformers Articles