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Electrical Transformers


Transformer Monitoring


Transformer Software & Technologies


Computer Simulation of Grounding Applications

Computer simulation of grounding applications are important for power generation and distribution. INTEGRATED’s proprietary Boundary Element Method (BEM) solver simulates various types of grounding scenarios very efficiently, especially in the HVDC domain of power/energy industries and in...

Transformer Protection


TRANSFORMER INRUSH

ABSTRACTHere we discuss the phenomenon of transformer inrush; what it is and its significance to transformer protection design. INTRODUCTIONA couple of years ago in this Transformer Special Edition, we wrote an article that covered the most used transformer protection schemes. As was pointed out...

Dielectric Fluids


Advancements in Dissolved Gas Analysis: CO/CO2 Ratio

For DGA interpretation, faults identified using hydrocarbon gases are considered more serious if they appear to affect paper insulation. That is made explicit in CIGRE technical brochure 771[1]. Production of hydrocarbon gases from the oil by electrical or thermal stress does not significantly...

Transformer Testing & Maintenance


Power Transformers

hydrocarbon gas emission

Advancements in Dissolved Gas Analysis: Data Quality

Introduction
There is more to DGA interpretation than comparing the latest gas concentrations to limits in a table or plotting them in a triangle or pentagon to identify the apparent fault type. We have found that the whole DGA history of a transformer must be considered when interpreting its most recent DGA results.
Trend evaluation and accurate assessment of short-term changes require accuracy and low measurement variability of gas data. Data quality problems must be...

Power Transformers Articles