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Transformer Monitoring


Grounding Transformers Explained

By R. W. Hurst, Editor Grounding transformers are used to provide a path to ground for unbalanced load current and for fault currents on systems where a suitable ground is otherwise not available. Grounding transformers are normally constructed with one of the two configurations: Zig-Zag (Zn) with...


Transformer Monitoring

Transient Analysis of Power Transformers Using Finite Element Method

A transformer relies on electromagnetic induction through coils to transfer electric energy between two or more circuits. Varying current in the transformer’s primary winding creates varying magnetic flux in the core, which produces varying electromotive force (EMF) or voltage in the secondary winding. Accurately and efficiently predicting currents and voltages on the primary and secondary windings can be challenging, especially for cores with non-linear material properties. Fortunately, numerical modelling techniques such as the Finite Element...

Related Articles


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Case Study: Rapid Changes in Bushing Health

IntroductionContinuous online monitoring of bushings provides real-time information which can result in the early detection of a possible failure. Challenge: A Major AlarmA prominent U.S. utility was looking for a way to improve system reliability for their 138kV assets. They researched and...

How to Improve Transformer Protection

Using symmetrical components for fault discrimination in differential protection BY IMRAN RIZVI, ABB Inc. Classical differential protection schemes are subject to ghost differential currents due to current transformer (CT) saturation and magnetization currents. Several methods are used to counter...

Distribution Transformer Loss Costs

A car owner must make some important decisions when purchasing a new vehicle—particularly if he or she has not bought one in decades. The features of the hundreds of 2015 models available can seem overwhelming. The budget-conscious owner, considering factors such as fuel efficiency,...


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